Land Subsidence and Groundwater
Provided by: Ten Strands|Published on: July 7, 2025|Last updated: September 26, 2026
Grades: 7
Type: Lesson Plans
Subjects: Earth and Space Sciences, Geography
Authors: Seeds to Solutions, Ten Strands
Location: North America > United States > California
This resource has been reviewed by SubjectToClimate's climate scientists and verified for scientific accuracy and up-to-date information. Learn about our review process →
This resource has been reviewed by SubjectToClimate's climate scientists and verified for scientific accuracy and up-to-date information. Learn about our review process →
Synopsis
- In this 10-lesson Seeds to Solutions unit from Ten Strands and the San Mateo County Office of Education, students will explore images of subsidence in Central California from 1977 to 2011, explore the history of California's Central Valley, use primary sources to understand the impact of colonialism on the lake Pa’ashi, use models to explore the impacts of draining aquifers, and analyze data related to rainfall and snowpack.
- They will also discuss how aquifer depletion disproportionately affects certain groups, read stories about community ideas for protecting and improving the Central Valley, research solutions to reduce water use, create a model to explain why the Central Valley is sinking, and think of ways their class can address this problem.
Teaching Materials
Positives
- The unit's use of different characters for the lessons is an interesting and engaging element that many students will love.
- For the final project, having students responsible for different components gives everyone a feeling of responsibility and can reflect their strengths or interests.
Prerequisites
- In the Model Tracker and other worksheets, students may need explicit instruction for adding images and drawings.
- Students should understand climate change and the greenhouse effect.
Differentiation & Implementation
- In Lesson 2, teachers can assign the jigsaw readings strategically, based on a student's reading stamina, as some of the passages are shorter than others.
- In Lesson 3, some students may need additional time to read the primary source. It may benefit students to read this once as a class, then take a close read individually.
- Teachers can incorporate the TRAAP test introduced in Lesson 8 outside of this unit as an established method for checking the reliability of a source.
- If students select reducing their own water usage in Lesson 10, this water footprint calculator can help students gather baseline and post-implementation data to measure their progress.
This resource from Ten Strands provides 10 lesson plans that will have students exploring why California’s Central Valley is sinking. Using engaging characters, hands-on investigations, and community action projects, students learn about groundwater, land use history, and environmental justice. While based on current research and standards, the unit focuses on conceptual exploration rather than original datasets. This resource is a good addition to a classroom discussion on water systems and climate impacts.
Teaching Tips
Standards
Resource Type and Format
Scientist Reviewed
This resource has been reviewed by SubjectToClimate's climate scientists and verified for scientific accuracy and up-to-date information. Our review process ensures that every resource in our library reflects the current state of climate science.
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